Top 70 David Reich Quotes (2024 Update)

1. “Tracing back fifty thousand years in the past, our genome is scattered into more than one hundred thousand ancestral stretches of DNA, greater than the number of people who lived in any population at that time, so we inherit DNA from nearly everyone in our ancestral population who had a substantial number of offspring at times that remote in the past.”

— David Reich

2. “Constant effort to struggle against our demons – against the social and behavioral habits that are built into our biology – is one of the ennobling behaviors of which we humans as a species are capable, and which has been critical to many of our triumphs and achievements.”

— David Reich

3. “I speak English, a language not spoken by my ancestors a hundred years ago.”

— David Reich

4. “As a society we should commit to according everyone equal rights despite the differences that exist among individuals. If we aspire to treat all individuals with respect regardless of the extraordinary differences that exist among individuals within a population, it should not be so much more of an effort to accommodate the smaller but still significant average differences across populations.”

— David Reich

5. “Seventy thousand years ago, the world was populated by very diverse human forms, and we have genomes from an increasing number of them, allowing us to peer back to a time when humanity was much more variable than it is today.”

— David Reich

6. “The genome revolution has shown that we are not living in particularly special times when viewed from the perspective of the great sweep of the human past. Mixtures of highly divergent groups have happened time and again, homogenizing populations just as divergent from one another as Europeans, Africans, and Native Americans.”

— David Reich

7. “We geneticists may be the barbarians coming late to the study of the human past, but it is always a bad idea to ignore barbarians.”

— David Reich

8. “The extraordinary fact that emerges from ancient DNA is that just five thousand years ago, the people who are now the primary ancestors of all extant northern Europeans had not yet arrived.”

— David Reich

9. “There was never a single trunk population in the human past. It has been mixtures all the way down.”

— David Reich

10. “In the oldest text of Hinduism, the Rig Veda, the warrior god Indra rides against his impure enemies, or dasa, in a horse-drawn chariot, destroys their fortresses, or pur, and secures land and water for his people, the arya, or Aryans.1.”

— David Reich

11. “But “ancestry” is not a euphemism, nor is it synonymous with “race.” Instead, the term is born of an urgent need to come up with a precise language to discuss genetic differences among people at a time when scientific developments have finally provided the tools to detect them.”

— David Reich

12. “Ten generations back, for example, the number of ancestral stretches of DNA is around 757 but the number of ancestors is 1,024, guaranteeing that each person has several hundred ancestors from whom he or she has received no DNA whatsoever.”

— David Reich

13. “Prior to the genome revolution, I, like most others, had assumed that the big genetic clusters of populations we see today reflect the deep splits of the past. But in fact the big clusters today are themselves the result of mixtures of very different populations that existed earlier.”

— David Reich

14. “So how much Neanderthal ancestry do people outside of Africa carry today? We found that non-African genomes today are around 1.5 to 2.1 percent Neanderthal in origin,24 with the higher numbers in East Asians and the lower numbers in Europeans, despite the fact that Europe was the homeland of the Neanderthals.”

— David Reich

15. “A great surprise that emerges from the genome revolution is that in the relatively recent past, human populations were just as different from each other as they are today, but that the fault lines across populations were almost unrecognizably different from today.”

— David Reich

16. “The right way to deal with the inevitable discovery of substantial differences across populations is to realize that their existence should not affect the way we conduct ourselves. As a society we should commit to according everyone equal rights despite the differences that exist among individuals.”

— David Reich

17. “The Yamnaya – who the genetic data show were closely related to the source of the steppe ancestry in both India and Europe – are obvious candidates for spreading Indo-European languages to both these subcontinents of Eurasia.”

— David Reich

18. “The world’s earliest known figurine is a roughly forty-thousand-year-old “lion-man” carved from a woolly mammoth tusk, found in Hohlenstein-Stadel in Germany.”

— David Reich

19. “It is also possible that in this period, individual women began to accumulate more power than they ever had before. Yet because it is biologically impossible for a woman, even a very powerful one, to have an extremely large number of children, the genetic effects of social inequality are much easier to detect on the male line.”

— David Reich

20. “We scientists are conditioned by the system of research funding to justify what we do in terms of practical application to health or technology. But shouldn’t intrinsic curiosity be valued for itself?”

— David Reich

21. “The truth is that India is composed of a large number of small populations.”

— David Reich

22. “People like those at Stonehenge were building great temples to their gods, and tombs for their dead, and could not have known that within a few hundred years their descendants would be gone and their lands overrun. The extraordinary fact that emerges from ancient DNA is that just five thousand years ago, the people who are now the primary ancestors of all extant northern Europeans had not yet arrived.”

— David Reich

23. “The genome revolution has taught us that great mixtures of highly divergent populations have occurred repeatedly.6 Instead of a tree, a better metaphor may be a trellis, branching and remixing far back into the past.”

— David Reich

24. “So it is absolutely clear that modern humans arrived in East Asia and Australia around the same time as they came to Europe.”

— David Reich

25. “The association between steppe genetic ancestry and people assigned to the Corded Ware archaeological culture through graves and artifacts is not simply a hypothesis. It is now a proven fact.”

— David Reich

26. “It is an extraordinary example of how technology – in this case, domestication – contributed to homogenization, not just culturally but genetically. It shows that what is happening with the Industrial Revolution and the information revolution in our own time is not unique in the history of our species.”

— David Reich

27. “Evidence of early modern humans outside of Africa well before fifty thousand years ago includes the morphologically modern skeletons in Skhul and Qafzeh in present-day Israel that date to between around 130,000 to 100,000 years ago.”

— David Reich

28. “To understand the power of the genome revolution for undermining old stereotypes about identity and building up a new basis for identity, consider how its finding of repeated mixture in human history has destroyed nearly every argument that used to be made for biologically based nationalism.”

— David Reich

29. “Although they have not left unmixed descendants, the Ancient North Eurasians have in fact been extraordinarily successful. If we put together all the genetic material that they have contributed to present-day populations, they account for literally hundreds of millions of genomes’ worth of people.”

— David Reich

30. “The genome bloggers’ political beliefs are fueled partly by the view that when it comes to discussion about biological differences across populations, the academics are not honoring the spirit of scientific truth-seeking.”

— David Reich

31. “Today there is an intricate caste system that shapes the lives of many people within Ethiopia, with elaborate rules preventing marriage between groups with different traditional roles.”

— David Reich

32. “We now know that nearly every group living today is the product of repeated population mixtures that have occurred over thousands and tens of thousands of years. Mixing is in human nature, and no one population is – or could be – “pure.”

— David Reich

33. “The ancient DNA revolution documented that the first farmers even in the most remote reaches of Europe – Britain, Scandinavia, and Iberia – had very little hunter-gatherer-related ancestry.”

— David Reich

34. “Africa and the Near East had an effect akin to the erasing of a blackboard, creating a blank slate for the new people.”

— David Reich

35. “Mixture is fundamental to who we are, and we need to embrace it, not deny that it occurred.”

— David Reich

36. “Human history is full of dead ends, and we should not expect the people who lived in any one place in the past to be the direct ancestors of those who live there today.”

— David Reich

37. “Whether the original Indo-European speakers lived in the Near East or in eastern Europe, the Yamnaya, who were the main group responsible for spreading Indo-European languages across a vast span of the globe, were formed by mixture.”

— David Reich

38. “To understand who we are, we need to approach the past with humility and with an open mind, and to be ready to change our minds out of respect for the power of hard data.”

— David Reich

39. “If the ancient DNA studies of the last few years have shown anything clearly, it is that the geographic distribution of people living today is often misleading about the dwelling places of their ancestors.”

— David Reich

40. “But the data are sternly consistent: the evidence for Neanderthal interbreeding turns out to be everywhere.”

— David Reich

41. “The geneticist Daniel Bradley and his colleagues identified a Y-chromosome type that is present in two to three million people today and derives from an ancestor who lived around fifteen hundred years ago.16 It is especially common in people with the last name O’Donnell, who descend from one of the most powerful royal families of medieval Ireland, the “Descendants of Niall” – referring to Niall of the Nine Hostages, a legendary warlord from the earliest period of medieval Irish history.”

— David Reich

42. “We are now producing data so fast that the time lag between data production and publication is longer than the time it takes to double the data in the field.”

— David Reich

43. “On the one side there are beliefs about the nature of the differences that are grounded in bigotry and have little basis in reality. On the other side there is the idea that any biological differences among populations are so modest that as a matter of social policy they can be ignored and papered over. It is time to move on from this paralyzing false dichotomy and to figure out what the genome is actually telling us.”

— David Reich

44. “0.8-standard-deviation increase in the average sprinting ability in West Africans would be expected to lead to a hundredfold enrichment in the proportion of people above the 99.9999999th percentile point in Europeans. But an alternative explanation that would predict the same magnitude of effect is that there is simply more variation in sprinting ability in people of West African ancestry – with more people of both very high and very low abilities.”

— David Reich

45. “I have spent some space discussing errors in Wade’s book because I feel it is important to explain that just because many academics have been engaged in trying to maintain an implausible orthodoxy, it does not mean that every unorthodox “heretic” is right.”

— David Reich

46. “After a grenade explosion in a room, could the exact position of each object prior to the explosion be reconstructed by piecing together the scattered remains and studying the shrapnel in the wall?”

— David Reich

47. “Were the Neanderthals the only archaic humans who interbred with our ancestors? Or were there other major hybridizations in our past?”

— David Reich

48. “His proximity in time to the mixing event makes it possible to obtain a more accurate date of fifty-four thousand to forty-nine thousand years ago.”

— David Reich

49. “This is my model too: to build a factory, and then to commandeer it to answer deep questions about the past.”

— David Reich

50. “Writing now, I shudder to think of Watson, or of Wade, or their forebears, behind my shoulder. The history of science has revealed, again and again, the danger of trusting one’s instincts or of being led astray by one’s biases – of being too convinced that one knows the truth.”

— David Reich